Abstract: In recent decades, genetic issues play a large role in health and public policy and new knowledge in this field continues to have significant implications for individuals and society. In spite of this increased exposure to genetics, recent studies of the general public’s genetics knowledge show a relatively low understanding of genetics concepts. Epigenetics is a new paradigm in biology. Nevertheless, the notion of genetic determinism is still present in syllabuses and textbooks. The present research explores the university students’ conceptions related to the genetic determinism of behaviors and human performances and if they integrate recent knowledge in Epigenetics. The research method is a questionnaire elaborated by the Biohead-Citizen consortium. The findings revealed that these students were still reducing the biological identity to a genetic program. The set can also enhance the danger of hereditarian ideology that justifies the fatalism and racism. We concluded that the teaching of epigenetics becomes a scientific and citizen challenge.