This disadvantage has been one of the most discussed current issues around the world. Disabled individuals, who have been referred to by different names and adjectives throughout history, have also been defined in different ways. It can be seen that definitions focusing on structural and mental deficiencies have become more humane over time, aimed at eliminating social problems and emphasizing the educational field. In this context, three models are generally mentioned in these definitions. The “medical model” views disability as a deterioration of bodily functions (anatomical) or physical structure, while the “social model” argues that disability stems not only from individual deficiencies but also from societal barriers to equal participation in society. The purpose of this study is to examine the concept of disability and the types of disabilities in the historical process. The number of individuals with intellectual disabilities is quite high, yet they are not recognized by society. Even if they are not recognized by society, prejudices against individuals with intellectual disabilities are prevalent in social life. One of the greatest prejudices that exacerbates the disability of individuals with intellectual disabilities is the belief that nothing can be done for them from a young age. Contrary to this belief, individuals with intellectual disabilities can achieve success in many different areas. Even if they lag behind in social adaptation, meeting their personal needs, and using their language skills, there are many things they can do that are within their intelligence level.