Contemporary health systems must be designed not only to provide accessible and equitable care but also to ensure long-term economic viability and social responsiveness. In this context, rehabilitation services in their physical, psychosocial, and vocational dimensions—constitute a vital pillar of sustainable health systems. This chapter aims to examine the long-term contributions of rehabilitation services to public health and to explore the key principles of sustainability within the context of the Turkish healthcare system. The chapter synthesizes evidence, demonstrating that rehabilitation's impact extends beyond acute recovery. International data from stroke, cardiac, and geriatric rehabilitation studies reveal that sustained rehabilitation practices significantly enhance long-term survival, reduce hospital readmission rates, and markedly improve quality of life. Specifically, Community-Based Rehabilitation (CBR) and home-based care models ensure systemic sustainability by strengthening not only functional independence but also social participation and community adaptation. Türkiye’s rapid demographic shifts (an aging population and growing chronic disease burden) increase the demand for rehabilitation, necessitating that services are f inancially viable, institutionally integrated, and socially inclusive.The Turkish literature underscores the importance of preventive rehabilitation in chronic disease management and vocational rehabilitation for persons with disabilities, while simultaneously pointing to structural challenges such as the lack of long-term care insurance and regional infrastructural inequities. Key principles for establishing sustainable rehabilitation systems are emphasized: accessibility, system integration, resource efficiency, community engagement, and datadriven monitoring. Drawing on international examples (e.g., rural models in New Zealand, cultural adaptation strategies), the chapter recommends expanding tele-rehabilitation, strengthening the family physician network, and enhancing multidisciplinary capacity within the Turkish context. In conclusion, rehabilitation must be transformed from a marginal service into a core function of the health system. Policy priorities such as addressing the lack of longitudinal cohort studies, standardizing outcome measures like the ICF, and establishing long-term care insurance mechanisms are critical for building a resilient and equitable rehabilitation ecosystem for the future. This chapter reinforces the thesis that sustainable rehabilitation is an investment that not only preserves individual function but also strengthens public health resilience and social cohesion.